git config --global user.name “[firstname lastname]”
name to be used to identify user changes
git config --global user.email “[valid-email]”
set an email address that will be associated with each history marker
git config --global color.ui auto
set automatic command line coloring for Git for easy reviewing
git init
initialize an existing directory as a Git repository
git clone [url]
retrieve an entire repository from a hosted location via URL
Some commands used when first setting up git version control for a project.
rm [file]
remove files from working directory
git rm [file]
remove files from staging area and working directory if it exists
git mv [existing-path] [new-path]
lets you move files around, file you want to move, to file you want to move it to
git log --stat -M
show all commit logs with indication of any paths that moved
Information...
git rebase [branch]
apply any commits of current branch ahead of specified one
git reset --hard [commit]
clear staging area, rewrite working tree from specified commit
Rewriting branches, updating commits and clearing history.
git stash
Save modified and staged changes
git stash list
list stack-order of stashed file changes
git stash pop
write working from top of stash stack
git stash drop
discard the changes from top of stash stack
Temporarily store modified, tracked files in order to change branches.
Three states every file goes through:
1. Modified: changes to a working directory, don't want to
include all changes so only add files wanted to staging area
2. Staged: changed files that you are going to commit
3. Committed: the changed files that are added to the git repository
git status
see what state the project files are in
git add [file]
add a file to the staging area, tracks changes
git reset [file]
unstage a file while retaining the changes in working directory
git diff
difference of what is changed, not staged compared to what is staged
git diff --staged
difference of what is staged, staged compared to previous commit
git commit -m "[useful message]"
commit your staged files
Commands used to add file changes to the staging area and to commit those changes to the git repo.
git log
show the commit history for the currently active branch
git log branchB..branchA
show the commits on branchA that are not on branchB
git log --follow [file]
show the commits that changed file, even across renames
git diff branchB...branchA
show the diff of what is in branchA that is not in branchB
git show [SHA]
show any object in Git in human-readable format
Examining logs, diffs and object information.
logs/
*.notes
pattern*/
Save a file with desired patterns as .gitignore with either direct string
matches or wildcard globs.
git config --global core.excludesfile [file]
system wide ignore pattern for all local repositories
Preventing unintentional staging or commiting of files.
git branch
list your branches. a * will appear next to the currently active branch
git branch [branch-name]
create a new branch at the current commit
git checkout
switch between branches and check it out into your working directory
git checkout -- [file]
if specifying file names, contents of those files will be overwritten with last committed versions
or to undo a deletion of a file
git merge [branch]
merge the specified branch’s history into the current one
git log
shows changes the repository's history of commits
git log -p
shows the lines that were added in each file commited
if output is too long, use up and down arrow keys, press q to quit and return
Information...
git remote add [alias] [url]
add a git URL as an alias
git fetch [alias]
fetch down all the branches from that Git remote
git merge [alias]/[branch]
merge a remote branch into your current branch to bring it up to date
git push [alias] [branch]
Transmit local branch commits to the remote repository branch
git pull
fetch and merge any commits from the tracking remote branch
Retrieving updates from another repository and updating local repos.